Understanding Camera Lenses Basics:
Hello everyone, welcome to my blog Prajwol Dhakal, if you want to know about the basics of camera lenses then this article will be very useful. Camera Lenses are an integral part of any DSLR, as a camera without a lens is very useless for photography.
A camera Lens is an assembly or optical lens which is used in conjunction with a camera body and the principle to make images of objects either on photographic film or on other media capable of storing images chemically or electronically. Lenses are the transparent light signals, there are not many big differences between the camera used for a still camera, video camera, telescope, microscope, and other apparatus.
Fig: Camera Lens
Some lenses are fixed lenses to the camera, while others are interchangeable along with lenses of different focal lengths, apertures, and various properties.
There are various types of DSLR (Digital Single Lens Reflect) lenses, and the popular ones include Wide Angle Lens, Normal Lens/Standard Lens, Telephoto lens, and other special types of lenses, which will be included in this article.
Camera Lens:
A camera lens is a tool that is used to bring the lights to a fixed focal point. Normally, the lens transfers the light to the film strip, while in DSLR the lens is used to direct the light towards the digital sensor.
Lenses are formed of a series of glass plates that are concave aswell as convex.
Now, let's discuss the characteristic of a camera lens.
The major factor that determines the characteristics of a camera lens includes Focal Length, Aperture, Depth of Field. Now, let's talk about the focal length, a focal length tells us how much a lens is expressed by a number, and that number tells us how much of the scene the camera will be able to capture. Smaller focal length numbers have a wider angle of view and show more of a scene, larger numbers have a narrower angle of view and show less.
Similarly, the aperture is the opening and closing of the lens. The smaller the F-number, the larger the aperture hole, more light passes in the sensor. Likewise, the bigger the f-number, the smaller the aperture hole, lens light passes into the sensor.
Example: F/2.8 allows two times more light into the camera in comparison to f4 and 16 times as much light as F 11. Aperture also affects the depth of field, smaller openings make more of the image in focus. Similarly, a lens with a wider aperture costs a bit more. A lens with a wide maximum aperture is great for low-light situations. For night photography lens with a wider maximum aperture is very useful.
Another aspect of the camera lens includes Depth of field. Depth of field, controls the amount of photo that is in focus, which is one of the most important tools for photographers. Small apertures are a very good option for landscape photography. Thus, the depth of field varies with the type of lenses, due to maximum aperture.
Now, let's have some concepts on the types of Lenses:
1. Wide Angle Lens:
Below 50 mm focal length is normally the wide lenses, as wide lenses are very useful landscape, group photo/ longshots.
2. Normal Lens/Standard Lens:
Equivalent to 50 mm focal length which is also the prime lens, as the prime lenses have the fixed focal length with an angle of 45 degrees. These lenses are very useful for portraits, mid-shots as well as single photos.
3. Tele-Photo Lens:
Normally, telephoto lenses are lenses above 50 mm focal length. These lenses are used for portrait, close-up, subject, and object in distance.
Likewise, other special types of lenses include:
1. Fish Eye Lens/Ultra-Wide Lens
2. Macro Lens
3. Tele-Converter Lens
While purchasing the lenses costs, size, weight, features, and compatibility also plays a very important role. So, considering all these aspects while purchasing a camera lens will be very fruitful for better photography as well as videography experiences.
Some of the common lenses and their sizes are listed below:
Common Lenses and Sizes:
16 mm Lens:
The angle of View: 16 mm lens have a very wide angle of view
Description: These lenses are very good for Landscape photography, they also have a very wide view of the world.
Depth of field: Everything is in focus, in this lens, shallow depth of field is not possible in a 16 mm lens.
Distortion of Space: This lens shows things farther than their actual distance. These lenses exaggerate the size of anything very close to the camera.
35mm Lens:
The angle of View: 35 mm lens has a wider angle of view.
Description: These lenses captures normally what a casual android phone will capture. Importantly, these lenses are very useful for street photography.
Depth of Field: Everything is in focus unless the subject is very close to the camera.
Distortion of Space: These lenses have lesser spatial distortion than a very wide lens, but it also makes the subject seems farther away than their actual distance.
50 mm Lens:
The angle of View: 50mm lens have Normal angle of View
Description: It's roughly the way the human eye sees the world. These lenses are very good for all types of photography.
Depth of field: For a 50mm lens it's really easy to have a shallow or deep depth of field, which will depend on the aperture range.
Distortion of Space: There are very little or none.
85mm Lens:
The angle of view: It has Medium Telephoto views,
Description: 85 mm lens is very good for isolating a subject from the background. It is also very good for portrait photography.
Depth of Field: These lenses give the very easy result of Shallow depth of field.
Distortion of Space: It makes things closer, than their actual distances.
200mm Lens:
The angle of View: Telephoto
Description: These lenses are very good for compressing the subject and background.
Depth of Field: Most of the time these lenses have a shallow depth of field unless our subject is very far away.
Distortion of Space: These lenses make things significantly closer than their actual distance.
Conclusion:
Thus, it concludes the article about the basics of Camera Lenses. I Prajwol Dhakal hope that you found this article very useful. Do share this article and give your feedback in the comment section. I will be back with another creative article in the next post which will be very soon.
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